Self-cleaning processes
The main mechanical and biochemical self-cleaning processes are:
-
cleaning by waves
- reworking of sediments by waves
- washing
- activity of indigenous bacteria and micro-organisms
- destructive effect of UV rays on hydrocarbon films.
| Natural agent | Action | Effects | Final clean-up techniques |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waves |
-
pressure |
- detachment from surfaces |
-
|
| Strong
waves (breaking) |
-
reworking of sediments |
- freeing of trapped oil - separation - hydraulic separation |
-
underwater tilling - underwater agitation - surfwashing - sand screening |
| Strong
waves (breaking) + sediments |
- high pressure - abrasion/agitation |
- uncovering - pulverisation |
- high pressure washing - surfwashing |
| Water
mass |
- water flow - washing - percolation |
- saturation - moving pollutant - removal of pollutant |
- flooding - flushing - draining |
| Fine
mineral particles |
-
fine oil-mineral aggregates |
-
adherence + withdrawal of oil |
-
sufwashing - underwater tilling + agitation |
| Bacteria
and organisms |
-
biodegradation |
- breakdown of hydrocarbons |
-
bioremediation |
| Air,
UV |
-
alteration |
- breakdown of hydrocarbons |
-
tilling out of water |
The majority of restoration techniques are directly inspired by the natural purification processes mentioned above, however some can be optimised by the use of response products.
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